En taxonomía de plantas, Judd et al. (2007[1]:250) y la flora mundial hasta géneros editada por Kubitzki (1998[2]), llaman pastos marinos (sea grasses) a los representantes de 4 familias cercanamente relacionadas de monocotiledóneas que forman un complejo parafilético en el orden Alismatales: Zosteraceae, Cymodoceaceae, Ruppiaceae[2] y Posidoniaceae. Las 4 familias constan de hierbas arraigadas, rizomatosas, con hojas delgadas y flores sumergidas polinizadas por agua. Son todas típicamente marinas salvo Ruppiaceae, típicamente de agua dulce a salobre y ocasionalmente de agua salada.[2][1] Son morfológicamente distintas de otras hierbas acuáticas similares de otras familias, particularmente de Hydrocharitaceae (+Najadaceae) que también posee representantes de agua salada (Halophila, Enhalus y Thalassia) que pueden ser llamados pastos marinos. No están especialmente relacionadas con los pastos terrestres (familia Poaceae: orden Poales), pero son también monocotiledóneas.
Simpson (2005[3]:160) llama marine sea-grasses a Cymodoceaceae, algunas Hydrocharitaceae (cita de ejemplos a Halophila y Thallasia), Posidoniaceae y Zosteraceae, y a Ruppiaceae las llama "plantas acuáticas de agua dulce a salobre" (fresh to brackish water plants). Judd et al. (2007[1]:250) lista a Ruppiaceae entre las "familias de pastos marinos" y en la p.256[1] llama a Ruppiaceae "...de agua alcalina, salobre u ocasionalmente salada."
↑ Judd et al. 2007:250: "Plants of marine habitats evolved within Hydrocharitaceae, and more than twice in the sea grass families Zosteraceae, Cymodoceaceae, Ruppiaceae, and Posidoniaceae (Les et al. 1997a)". Judd et al. 2007:256: "Ruppia, a genus of alkaline, brackish, or ocassionally salt water..."
↑ Haynes et al. "Ruppiaceae" en Kubitzki (ed. 1998 vol.04):447-448: "Apart from morphological features, it may be significant that Ruppia is highly salt-tolerant and can withstand salinities up to 70 000 ppm total dissolved salts (Sainty and Jacobs 1994). Because Ruppia is found more typically in brackish water than in marine habitats, its relationship to other "seagrasses" has not been given adequate consideration. Yet the bisexual condition of floral organs in Ruppia, together with a tolerance to a wide range of salinities, may indicate a phylogenetic position intermediate between a bisexual, freshwater ancestor and the Posidoniaceae (bisexual; exclusively marine) and Cymodoceaceae (unisexual; exclusively marine). All members of these three families are water-pollinated and share adaptations such as elongate pollen. Recalling past comparisons with leaves of Potamogetonaceae, similarity is also evident between leaves of Ruppia and the filiform leaves of Syringodium (Cymodoceaceae). (...) All (Ruppiaceae) species grow in fresh to brackish waters, but none is marine."
↑ Kubitzki (ed.) 1998. The families and genera of vascular plants, vol 4, Monocotyledons: Alismatanae and Commelinanae (except Gramineae). Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
pasto, marino, taxonomía, plantas, judd, 2007, flora, mundial, hasta, géneros, editada, kubitzki, 1998, llaman, pastos, marinos, grasses, representantes, familias, cercanamente, relacionadas, monocotiledóneas, forman, complejo, parafilético, orden, alismatales. En taxonomia de plantas Judd et al 2007 1 250 y la flora mundial hasta generos editada por Kubitzki 1998 2 llaman pastos marinos sea grasses a los representantes de 4 familias cercanamente relacionadas de monocotiledoneas que forman un complejo parafiletico en el orden Alismatales Zosteraceae Cymodoceaceae Ruppiaceae 2 y Posidoniaceae Las 4 familias constan de hierbas arraigadas rizomatosas con hojas delgadas y flores sumergidas polinizadas por agua Son todas tipicamente marinas salvo Ruppiaceae tipicamente de agua dulce a salobre y ocasionalmente de agua salada 2 1 Son morfologicamente distintas de otras hierbas acuaticas similares de otras familias particularmente de Hydrocharitaceae Najadaceae que tambien posee representantes de agua salada Halophila Enhalus y Thalassia que pueden ser llamados pastos marinos No estan especialmente relacionadas con los pastos terrestres familia Poaceae orden Poales pero son tambien monocotiledoneas Habito de Posidonia La familia anidada en este clado es Potamogetonaceae Zannichelliaceae plantas arraigadas y rizomatosas de agua dulce a salobre Cladograma de Alismatales Simpson 2005 3 160 llama marine sea grasses a Cymodoceaceae algunas Hydrocharitaceae cita de ejemplos a Halophila y Thallasia Posidoniaceae y Zosteraceae y a Ruppiaceae las llama plantas acuaticas de agua dulce a salobre fresh to brackish water plants Judd et al 2007 1 250 lista a Ruppiaceae entre las familias de pastos marinos y en la p 256 1 llama a Ruppiaceae de agua alcalina salobre u ocasionalmente salada Familias y generos EditarCruces de familias y generos pastos marinos Kubitzki ed 1998 4 Watson amp Dallwitz delta intkey 5 data kew 6 APWeb mobot org 7 Zosteraceae1 Zostera L Zostera Zostera L Zostera L including Heterozostera den Hartog Macrozostera Tomlinson amp Posluzny Nanozostera Tomlinson amp Posluzny Zosterella J K Small 2 Heterozostera den Hartog Heterozostera Heterozostera Setch Hartog in Zostera 3 Phyllospadix Hook Phyllospadix Phyllospadix Hook Phyllospadix J D HookerCymodoceaceae1 Syringodium Kutz Syringodium Syringodium Kutz in Cymodocea 2 Halodule Endl Halodule Halodule Endl Halodule Endlicher3 Cymodocea Konig Cymodocea Cymodocea K Koenig including Phycoschoenus Asch Nakai Cymodocea Konig including Amphibolis Agardh Syringodium Kutz Thalassodendron den Hartog 4 Amphibolis Agardh Amphibolis Amphibolis C Agardh including Pectinella J M Black in Cymodocea 5 Thalassodendron de Hartog name not found Thalassodendron Hartog in Cymodocea RuppiaceaeRuppia L Ruppia in Ruppia L in Potamogetonaceae Ruppia L PosidoniaceaePosidonia Konig Posidonia Posidonia K Koenig Posidonia Konig Cruces de familias y generos Potamogetonaceae Kubitzki ed 1998 4 Watson amp Dallwitz delta intkey 8 data kew 9 APWeb mobot org 10 Potamogetonaceae1 Potamogeton L Potamogeton Potamogeton L Potamogeton L including Coleogeton Les amp Haynes Stuckenia Borner 2 Groenlandia J Gray Groenlandia Groenlandia J Gay Groenlandia J Gay in Ruppia in Ruppiaceae in Ruppia in Ruppiaceae Ruppia L in Ruppia in Ruppiaceae in Althenia Zannichelliaceae and Lepilaena Zannichelliaceae in Althenia Zannichelliaceae and Lepilaena Zannichelliaceae in Althenia F Petit Zannichelliaceae and Lepilaena J L Drumm ex Harv Zannichelliaceae Althenia Petit including Lepilaena Harvey in Pseudalthenia including Vleisia Zannichelliaceae in Pseudalthenia Zannichelliaceae and Vleisia Zannichelliaceae Pseudalthenia not found Vleisia Toml amp Posl Zannichelliaceae Pseudalthenia Nakai including Vleisia Tomlinson amp Posluszny in Zannichellia L Zannichelliaceae in Zannichellia Zannichelliaceae in Zannichellia L Zannichelliaceae Zannichellia L Zannichelliaceae1 Zannichellia L Zannichellia Zannichellia L in Zannichellia L Potamogetonaceae 2 Pseudalthenia Nakai including Vleisia Pseudalthenia excluding Vleisia name not found in Pseudalthenia Potamogetonaceae 3 Althenia Petit excluding Lepilaena Drumm ex Harv Althenia excluding Lepilaena Althenia F Petit excluding Lepilaena J L Drumm ex Harv Althenia Petit including Lepilaena Harvey 4 Lepilaena Drumm ex Harv Lepilaena Lepilaena J L Drumm ex Harv in Althenia Petit in Pseudalthenia Vleisia Vleisia Toml amp Posl in Pseudalthenia Potamogetonaceae Vease tambien EditarPradera marina Alismatales MonocotyledoneaeReferencias Editar a b c d Judd et al 2007 250 Plants of marine habitats evolved within Hydrocharitaceae and more than twice in the sea grass families Zosteraceae Cymodoceaceae Ruppiaceae and Posidoniaceae Les et al 1997a Judd et al 2007 256 Ruppia a genus of alkaline brackish or ocassionally salt water a b c Haynes et al Ruppiaceae en Kubitzki ed 1998 vol 04 447 448 Apart from morphological features it may be significant thatRuppiais highly salt tolerant and can withstand salinities up to 70 000 ppm total dissolved salts Sainty and Jacobs 1994 BecauseRuppiais found more typically in brackish water than in marine habitats its relationship to other seagrasses has not been given adequate consideration Yet the bisexual condition of floral organs inRuppia together with a tolerance to a wide range of salinities may indicate a phylogenetic position intermediate between a bisexual freshwater ancestor and the Posidoniaceae bisexual exclusively marine and Cymodoceaceae unisexual exclusively marine All members of these three families are water pollinated and share adaptations such as elongate pollen Recalling past comparisons with leaves of Potamogetonaceae similarity is also evident between leaves ofRuppiaand the filiform leaves ofSyringodium Cymodoceaceae All Ruppiaceae species grow in fresh to brackish waters but none is marine Simpson MG 2005 Plant Systematics Elsevier Academic Press a b Kubitzki ed 1998 The families and genera of vascular plants vol 4 Monocotyledons Alismatanae and Commelinanae except Gramineae Springer Verlag Berlin Watson amp Dallwitz Zosteraceae The families of flowering plants http delta intkey com angio www zosterac htm Vascular Plant Families and Genera List of genera in family CYMODOCEACEAE accessed 2016 06 02 http data kew org cgi bin vpfg1992 genlist pl CYMODOCEACEAE VASCULAR PLANT FAMILIES and GENERA List of Genera in CYMODOCEACEAE accessed 2016 06 02 http www mobot org mobot research apweb orders alismatalesweb htm Cymodoceaceael Watson amp Dallwitz Potamogetonaceae The families of flowering plants http delta intkey com angio www potamoge htm Vascular Plant Families and Genera List of genera in family POTAMOGETONACEAE accessed 2016 06 02 http data kew org cgi bin vpfg1992 genlist pl POTAMOGETONACEAE VASCULAR PLANT FAMILIES and GENERA List of Genera in POTAMOGETONACEAE accessed 2016 06 02 http www mobot org mobot research apweb orders alismatalesweb htm Potamogetonaceae Datos Q25411280Obtenido de https es wikipedia org w index php title Pasto marino amp oldid 126080884, wikipedia, wiki, leyendo, leer, libro, biblioteca,
