Debellatio (en español, derrota o acto de conquista o sometimiento; literalmente luchar [contra el enemigo] hasta abatirlo) —del latín, bellum (en español, guerra)— designa el final de la guerra causada por la destrucción por completo a un Estado hostil.
En algunos casos la "debellatio" termina con una disolución completa y la anexión del Estado derrotado al territorio nacional del vencedor, tal como ocurrió a finales de la tercera guerra púnica con la derrota de Cartago por Roma en el siglo II a.c.
La rendición incondicional de la Tercer Reich -en sentido estricto sólo las Fuerzas Armadas de Alemania ("Wehrmacht") -a finales de Segunda Guerra Mundial fue en su momento aceptada por la mayoría de las autoridades como un caso de "debellatio" ya que terminó con la completa disolución del Reich alemán,[1][2][3][4][5][6] incluyendo todas las oficinas, y los dos estados alemanes que se crearon en su lugar ( República Federal de Alemania y la República Democrática Alemana). Otras autoridades han argumentado en contra de que, como la mayor parte del territorio que componía Alemania antes de la Anschluss no se adjuntó, y la población todavía existía y los vestigios del estado alemán continuaban existiendo a pesar de que el Consejo de Control Aliado regía el territorio y que, finalmente, un gobierno alemán plenamente soberano se reanudó en un estado que nunca dejó de existir.[1][7]
Breven C. Parsons, (2009), Moving the law of occupation into the twenty-first century, Naval Law Review, published by US Naval Justice School, the pp. 21, 28-30 (PDF page numbers 26, 33-35)
ICRC Commentaries on the Convention (III) relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War Article 5 "The German capitulation was both political, involving the dissolution of the Government, and military, whereas the Japanese capitulation was only military".
United Nations War Crimes Commission, Law reports of trials of war criminals: United Nations War Crimes Commission, Wm. S. Hein, 1997, ISBN 1-57588-403-8. p.13
The human rights dimensions of population (Page 2, paragraph 138) UNHCR web site
Page 48, paragraph 295 (last paragraph on the page)
Detlef Junker et al. (2004). The United States and Germany in the Era of the Cold War, 1945-1990: A Handbook (Vol 2), Cambridge University Press and (Vol. 2) co-published with German Historical Institute, Washington D.C., ISBN 0-521-79112-X p. 104 el 19 de mayo de 2011 en Wayback Machine.
Para leer más
Anne Armstrong. "Unconditional Surrender: The Impact of the Casablanca Policy upon World War II", Greenwood Pub Group 1974, ISBN 0-8371-7042-7
Brett H. McGurk (PDF) Footnote I on Page 3: argues that "The unconditional surrender of Germany and Japan supported the application of debellatio, a concept that is discredited in the international legal community and would not easily transfer to Iraq. No Coalition member, in any event, argued that debellatio applied in Iraq."
Max Rheinstein. The Legal Status of Occupied Germany Michigan Law Review, Vol. 47, No. 1 (Nov., 1948), pp. 23–40 doi:10.2307/1284507
Gerry Everding U.S. rules Iraq under international law doctrine of 'debellatio' and will until stable government is formed reprints an article by Victor T. Le Vine in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch on Sunday, February 22, 2003.
Sir Robert Jennings presiding over a public sitting held on 22 June 1993 in the International Court of Justice for the case Professor Bowett speaking for Libya states "debellatio — the end of hostilities brought about by the complete subjugation of the enemy"
ICRC Commentary on Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I), 8 June 1977. Commenting on the term "The general close of military operations" in Article 3.b of Protocol I the ICRC states in their commentary in footnote 5 "Some of the literature refers to this situation ['The general close of military operations' when the occupation of the whole territory of a Party is completed, accompanied by the effective cessation of all hostilities, without the necessity of a legal instrument of any kind] as 'debellatio', but this is a narrower interpretation of the term than other publicists ascribe to it. On the concept of 'debellatio' and the various definitions of this term, cf. K.U. Meyn, 'Debellatio', in R. Bernhardt (ed.) [Encyclopaedia of Public International Law], Instalment 3, p. 145;"
Melissa Patterson. Who’s Got the Title? or, The Remnants of Debellatio in Post-Invasion Iraq, Harvard International Law Journal Volume 47, Number 2, Summer 2006
Adam Roberts. , 100 The American Journal of International Law. vol 100 pp. 580–622 (2006)
debellatio, español, derrota, acto, conquista, sometimiento, literalmente, luchar, contra, enemigo, hasta, abatirlo, latín, bellum, español, guerra, designa, final, guerra, causada, destrucción, completo, estado, hostil, mariscal, campo, wilhelm, keitel, firma. Debellatio en espanol derrota o acto de conquista o sometimiento literalmente luchar contra el enemigo hasta abatirlo del latin bellum en espanol guerra designa el final de la guerra causada por la destruccion por completo a un Estado hostil El Mariscal de Campo Wilhelm Keitel firma la rendicion incondicional de la Wehrmacht en la sede de la Union Sovietica en Karlshorst Berlin En algunos casos la debellatio termina con una disolucion completa y la anexion del Estado derrotado al territorio nacional del vencedor tal como ocurrio a finales de la tercera guerra punica con la derrota de Cartago por Roma en el siglo II a c La rendicion incondicional de la Tercer Reich en sentido estricto solo las Fuerzas Armadas de Alemania Wehrmacht a finales de Segunda Guerra Mundial fue en su momento aceptada por la mayoria de las autoridades como un caso de debellatio ya que termino con la completa disolucion del Reich aleman 1 2 3 4 5 6 incluyendo todas las oficinas y los dos estados alemanes que se crearon en su lugar Republica Federal de Alemania y la Republica Democratica Alemana Otras autoridades han argumentado en contra de que como la mayor parte del territorio que componia Alemania antes de la Anschluss no se adjunto y la poblacion todavia existia y los vestigios del estado aleman continuaban existiendo a pesar de que el Consejo de Control Aliado regia el territorio y que finalmente un gobierno aleman plenamente soberano se reanudo en un estado que nunca dejo de existir 1 7 Vease tambien EditarEstatus legal de Alemania Leyes de la guerra Guerra total Desarme de fuerzas enemigasReferencias Editar a b Eyal Benvenisti The international law of occupation Princeton University Press 2004 ISBN 0 691 12130 3 pp 92 95 Breven C Parsons 2009 Moving the law of occupation into the twenty first century Naval Law Review published by US Naval Justice School the pp 21 28 30 PDF page numbers 26 33 35 ICRC Commentaries on the Convention III relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War Article 5 The German capitulation was both political involving the dissolution of the Government and military whereas the Japanese capitulation was only military United Nations War Crimes Commission Law reports of trials of war criminals United Nations War Crimes Commission Wm S Hein 1997 ISBN 1 57588 403 8 p 13 The human rights dimensions of population Page 2 paragraph 138 UNHCR web site Yearbook of the International Law Commission 1993 Volume II Part Two Page 48 paragraph 295 last paragraph on the page Detlef Junker et al 2004 The United States and Germany in the Era of the Cold War 1945 1990 A Handbook Vol 2 Cambridge University Press and Vol 2 co published with German Historical Institute Washington D C ISBN 0 521 79112 X p 104 Archivado el 19 de mayo de 2011 en Wayback Machine Para leer mas EditarAnne Armstrong Unconditional Surrender The Impact of the Casablanca Policy upon World War II Greenwood Pub Group 1974 ISBN 0 8371 7042 7 Brett H McGurk A Lawyer in Baghdad PDF Footnote I on Page 3 argues that The unconditional surrender of Germany and Japan supported the application of debellatio a concept that is discredited in the international legal community and would not easily transfer to Iraq No Coalition member in any event argued that debellatio applied in Iraq Max Rheinstein The Legal Status of Occupied Germany Michigan Law Review Vol 47 No 1 Nov 1948 pp 23 40 doi 10 2307 1284507 Gerry Everding U S rules Iraq under international law doctrine of debellatio and will until stable government is formed reprints an article by Victor T Le Vine in the St Louis Post Dispatch on Sunday February 22 2003 Sir Robert Jennings presiding over a public sitting held on 22 June 1993 in the International Court of Justice for the case Territorial Dispute Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Chad Professor Bowett speaking for Libya states debellatio the end of hostilities brought about by the complete subjugation of the enemy ICRC Commentary on Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts Protocol I 8 June 1977 Commenting on the term The general close of military operations in Article 3 b of Protocol I the ICRC states in their commentary in footnote 5 Some of the literature refers to this situation The general close of military operations when the occupation of the whole territory of a Party is completed accompanied by the effective cessation of all hostilities without the necessity of a legal instrument of any kind as debellatio but this is a narrower interpretation of the term than other publicists ascribe to it On the concept of debellatio and the various definitions of this term cf K U Meyn Debellatio in R Bernhardt ed Encyclopaedia of Public International Law Instalment 3 p 145 Melissa Patterson Who s Got the Title or The Remnants of Debellatio in Post Invasion Iraq Harvard International Law Journal Volume 47 Number 2 Summer 2006 Adam Roberts Transformative military occupation applying the laws of war and human rights 100 The American Journal of International Law vol 100 pp 580 622 2006 Ruth Wedgwood Judicial Overreach PDF Wall Street Journal November 16 2004 Datos Q971076 Obtenido de https es wikipedia org w index php title Debellatio amp oldid 119021417, wikipedia, wiki, leyendo, leer, libro, biblioteca,
